Life Before the Internet and After the Internet Essay

Life was very different before the advent of the Internet. Communication methods were limited, stores were the only place to buy goods and services, and physical libraries were the only place to find information and research. The three biggest changes caused by the Internet are in communication, sales, and access to information. The Internet has changed the way people communicate. It allows for instant and reliable communication between people across the street or across the globe. In the past, the only ways to send documents were via fax and postal mail. Faxes were limited because messages could only include two-dimensional text and graphics. The postal mail faced these same issues, as well as the problem with the time it took to send a document through the mail. With the Internet, documents with text, graphics, audio files, video files, and interactive objects can now be transmitted quickly to anyone with a simple click of a button. This has changed the way business is done and has made it easier for companies to expand into new markets. On a smaller level, the Internet has allowed people to reconnect with old friends or make new ones. Chat rooms and social networks such as MySpace. com are becoming increasingly popular as people enjoy the sense of anonymity. The second way that the Internet has changed the world is in the buying and selling of goods and services. With the ability to purchase products online, the business world has changed drastically. Online stores are competing for business, while established brick-and-mortar stores have set up web-based stores as well. Customers can now purchase nearly everything they need from the comfort of their own homes. The Internet has also allowed for quick and easy comparisons of the prices and quality of products and services. The final and most important impact of the Internet is in the access of information. In the past, if you needed to find information on the history of Latin America, you had to go to your local library. Then, you were limited by which books and resources the library carried. With limited budgets, libraries cannot be expected to carry the best sources for every topic. Today, you can access information on any topic from the Internet through academic journals, online encyclopedias, book reviews, and more. In addition, you can find information on every television and radio program, historical events, current events, health issues, scientific discoveries, sporting events, and theories on everything from biomedicine to parenting. Finally, being able to access information online has led to colleges and universities offering degrees where it is not necessary for students to ever step into a classroom. Lectures, PowerPoint slides, notes, and required readings are available on the Internet. In conclusion, the Internet has significantly changed the world in the way people communicate, do business, and learn. The rapidity with which these changes took place suggests that more drastic and exciting changes are still to come. New and innovative uses for technology are developed every day, and the Internet is a major focus of these developments.

Human Resource Management in the Public Office Essay

Is money the most important incentive tool in the public sector? Is performance-based pay an effective way to motivate employees to be more productive? Discuss the positive and negative benefits associated with broadbanded pay systems. The public sector mainly deals with the economic and administrative delivery of goods and services from the government to the nation’s people. Such a role requires true commitment to service and to the objective of improving the general welfare of individuals. Moreover, public servants uphold such commitments with a unique set of priorities that are not centered on material and financial gains but rather on what their capabilities and achievements could contribute to others’ betterment. This ideal may just as easily set public servants apart from members of the labor force that render their services for profit. This in consideration, financial rewards may not be the top priority of public servants but it is definitely an effective incentive tool across sectors from private to public. A way of granting incentive to employees is thru performance-based pay. This compensation scheme entails salary increases and rewarding of bonuses to employees that were able to achieve or surpass the goals related to their scope of work. Under such a scheme, employees become more motivated to produce high quality service with the end goal of producing evidently positive results. At the same time, since such a scheme requires that the salary increase be justified by the exemplary performance of the employee, there would be less incidences of increases and promotions made on the mere basis of office politics. Once it becomes evident to employees that they now have an equal playing field, this would additionally motivate them to prove themselves worthy of recognition and incentives. In line with effective human resource management, public sectors are developing broadband pay systems, which essentially implement broad pay ranges to groupings formed on the basis of like duties while maintaining high flexibility in order to cater to the needs and demands of a diverse workforce. Such pay systems may pose both advantages and disadvantages to the employees and agencies. An example of advantages to the employees is that the method of grouping may provide an opportunity for their positions to be reclassified to a higher grade as indicated by the complexity and breadth of their responsibilities. This would probably work in the favor of an employee who handles several tasks that are usually performed by more than one person in some offices. Another advantage is for the part of government offices because by utilizing high technology and efficient information systems to implement the broadband pay mechanisms, an optimized data gathering method shall be in place and process will be systematized. This would ultimately lead to more practical and efficient use of available human and financial resources, and big cumulative savings for the government. On the other hand, a disadvantage for the agencies could be that negotiations on job classifications or groupings might require them to disclose to labor unions sensitive information that might result to operational security concerns. How can an organization utilize employee benefits as part of its recruitment and retention efforts? How can an organization’s commitment to learning result in lower worker turnover? How do issues related to employee benefits and learning affect worker performance? Human resource is the best asset that any establishment could possibly have. Every day, a great number of organizations and establishments rise up or crumble by the excellence or mediocrity of their employees. In fact, any institution may employ the best possible technologies and may even be in the most dynamic and progressive industry but all these would not make the business a success if without talented and skillful employees. Thus to ensure the best possible recruits and the capacity to retain the most seasoned and esteemed talents, organizations build attractive compensation packages and employee development programs. By nurturing employees under these development programs and with attractive rewards, organizations hope to keep the loyalty of their talent pool and add new recruits that possess the same aptitude and skills. All these steps are taken by organizations under the knowledge that all employees would base their employer preferences that cater to their needs and growth t he most. Furthermore, these needs and growth expectations must be taken to mean not just financial benefits but more importantly how the organization could enrich one’s talents and allow him or her to maximize potentials. In order to nurture its talent pool, organizations may enroll their employees to various classes that teach or further establish the knowledge that they have related to the tasks that they perform in the office. Through these classes, employees develop a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction because they find that they are able to tap in to more of their potentials. Thus, with the knowledge that there are more things that they could learn and do, they find that they also have more to offer the organization that they are part of. By allowing their employees to grow into high potential individuals, organizations not only keep their employees loyal and their turnover rates low, they also gain from the enriched talents and skills that their human resources apply in their day to day work. An organization’s spending on training and development programs for its employees is part of its human resource investment. As with products sold in banks or stock market, or purchases of equipments by production companies, expenses incurred by organizations related to employee training are acknowledged with the expectation that they will bring forth returns to the organization by way of improved employee performances that lead to better working processes and achievement of the organization’s vision and mission. Pershing, Stolovitch, and Keeps (2006) further support the relationship between employee performance and learning by stating that the latter allows the workforce to become more connected to the organization through an increased knowledge of how better he could be of service, and that the nurturing process offered to these employees allow them to be better prepared for changes and more open to process improvements. In essence, all employees are practical individuals in that they stay in the organization that appreciate them the most and reward them sufficiently for the quality of work that they render. It is with this knowledge that organizations build progressive employee benefit and retention programs. These organizations know all too well that employees perform best under development and reward programs that offer holistic growth. Such growth pertains to several factors in the lives of an individual. Compare and contrast the difference in terminating workers in public organizations versus private companies? What at the implications of at-will employment for public sector workers? One of the major differences between public organizations and private companies is the objective or mission with which their workforce operates. As established earlier, public sector workers can be largely considered as volunteers for social, economic, and even political causes whereas the workforce of private companies are mostly there for profitable gains. This in mind, the mere concept of a decrease in the workforce in the public sector poses several challenges because it may not be easy for the organization to come by public servants who are willing to work for the same cause. One way in which the workforce of any institution is reduced is thru employee termination. Termination is the process by which the organization puts a stop to an individual’s membership or service to the organization against his or her will. There are various reasons why termination is imposed on an individual. It may be that the employee has violated certain organizational policies or ethical standards, or rendered unsatisfactory job performance, or may even have been because he or she had a conflict with his or her supervisor. On the other hand, the employee may also be subject to termination when the company undergoes a restructuring phase that necessitated downsizing in its workforce, or if the employee’s responsibilities have been found to be redundant. Employee termination occurs in both public and private offices but there are some notable differences. One such difference is that employees of private companies are often hired under contract whereas those working in public offices are often employed at-will, meaning that they do not have a formal employment contract binding him or her and the employer. Although all employees are protected by labor laws, employees in the public sector are more vulnerable to termination because of the at-will nature of their employment.

Agency And Liability In The B.C. Partnership Act †Free Samples

It can be stated that a relationship of agency is established between two people when one of the two acts as a principal and the other as the agent. The agent derives the authority to perform his function from the principal[1]. Such authority to be derived may be express or implied. In cases where the agent is involved in any wrongful act, it has been held that the principal is not required to expressly order his agent to commit such wrongful act. However the principal is held liable in some circumstances for the wrongful acts of his agent.   Vicarious liability in the context of a principal agent relationship is referred to as the liability imposed on the principal for the wrongful act committed by the agent of such principal[2]. It is to be mentioned that according to section 7 of the British Columbia Partnership Act that a firm or a company’s partner will be considered to be the agent of such firm or company when conducting business in the name of the firm or company. Further in accordance with section 7 it can be stated that any act of a partner of a firm which is done for the purpose of carrying on the business of the firm will be binding on all the partners. However there are two exceptions to the aforementioned rule as contained in section 7(2) which states â€Å"(a) the partner so acting has in fact no authority to act for the firm in the particular matter (b) the person with whom he or she is dealing either knows that the partner has no authority, or does not know or believe him or her to be a partner†. According to section 8 of the British Columbia Partnership Act any act done in the name of the firm with the intention to leally bind the firm by any authorized person will be legally binding upon the firm and all its partners. However as quoted in subsection 8(2) it can be said â€Å"This section does not affect any general rule of law relating to the execution of deeds or negotiable instruments.† Thus in light of the above provisions of the British Columbia Partnership act it can be stated that liability is imposed on the principal for the tortuous acts of the agent primarily for the following reasons[3]. Thus after analyzing the legal provisions of the principal agent relationships in accordance with the British Columbia Partnership Act it can be said that the all the partners of the firms act as agents of the firm while conducting business in the name of the firm. Therefore by the application of the principle of vicarious liability it is to be stated that the firm acts as the principal will therefore be liable for the acts of the partners. 'Partnership Act' (Bclaws.ca, 2018) accessed 25 February 2018 Chamallas, Martha. "Two Very Different Stories: Vicarious Liability Under Tort and Title VII Law."  Ohio St. LJ  75 (2014): 1315. Cole, Jeffrey. "Agency-Vicarious Liability-Abrogation of the Both Ways Rule."  DePaul Law Review  16.2 (2015): 478. West, Henry. "Vicarious Liability."  American Legal Encyclopedia  (2017).

Account for Amartya Sen's Approach to Development as Freedom Essay

Account for Amartya Sen's Approach to Development as Freedom - Essay Example This essay stresses that the connection between development and freedom has been subject to many debates. This is because while some people view freedom as a great partner to progress, while others believe that individual freedom leads to adversity and slows down development. Let us begin by looking at the definitions of both terms. Development is defined by Lawn as â€Å"an evolutionary process involving the qualitative improvement in the human condition over time". Freedom on the other hand is â€Å"the possibility for choosing what is good lying immanent within the plurality of alternatives which appear more or less good†. This paper makes a conclusion that Sen has observed that freedom is not mainly the primary end of development, but rather the main means. There are wide varieties of freedoms and all are remarkably linked through various mechanisms. These freedoms range from political freedoms, which help to promote economic security and provide social opportunities to other forms of freedom. Freedom links economic prosperity and development and can be strengthened by other freedoms. When freedom opportunities prevail, individuals can easily shape their destiny and the end result is prevalence in the free and sustainable agency. Individuals can easily shape their destiny in the presence of adequate social opportunities. For this reason, Sen’s work is applied by economists worldwide. It also holds no threat since it is humane in nature.

Upper and Lower Class Neighborhoods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Upper and Lower Class Neighborhoods - Essay Example This gap has contributed to the several social classes that exist in the present communities. Affluent neighborhoods have several differences and similarities from the lower class neighborhoods (Cubbin et.al, 2008). The difference between the upper class neighborhoods and the lower class result due to better facilities, resources, and services. Because of these differences, the gap between the two keeps widening. The upper class lives in secure neighborhoods, and has access to the best facilities and public services. On the contrary, the lower class lacks access to basic public services. The upper class neighborhoods have a markedly high access to recreational areas and parks. The people inhabiting these regions live in luxurious houses and in close proximity are all sorts of recreational places. There are sporting fields and clubs, gymnasiums, saunas, swimming pools and clubs in upper class regions. For example, golf clubs exist in rich suburbs and golf fans are affluent people. In addition, the rich enjoy frequent visits to parks and gardens and get an opportunity to relax and focus on nature and themselves. On the other hand, the lower class lacks access to such luxurious recreational facilities and parks. These are not available in their neighborhoods and even if they were, it would be too costly to access them. Their income does not allow them to stretch to these recreational facilities. Recreational facilities available in the lower class neighborhoods are small, overcrowded and do not meet the standards of the rich. There exists a concern on the huge differenc e between the school programs in the upper class regions and the lower class neighborhoods. Children born to the affluent enjoy an inclusive and all round education system. In their neighborhoods, schools offer the best as long as their parents can pay. In the upper class neighborhoods, the expected teacher student ratios exist. The school program is usually more accommodating and students receive considerable attention from their teachers. Integrated into the system are recreational subjects that diversify the options available to the affluent students. These schools have the capacity and resources required to nurture the young minds to become reliable independent individuals. These students enjoy quality education. On the other hand, school programs in the lower class regions do not meet the international education standards. There are too many students and fewer teachers. These schools lack adequate facilities that would enable the children to have access to quality education. Ch ildren sent to these schools have to struggle to excel. In the upper class neighborhoods, children have access to equipped local and international libraries. These libraries expose the children to a broad variety of reading materials. Children in these regions can do their research without much strain. On the other hand, it is saddening to realize that children in the lower class neighborhoods lack access to reading material. There are fewer libraries, which apparently do meet quality standards, and the reading material available is not diverse to address the varying needs of the students. In affluent neighborhoods, there are luxurious and classy restaurants where the rich have access to exotic, modern, and traditional dishes and a wide variety of drinks. In these restaurants, prices of food and drinks only favor the rich. These restaurants practice the most current code

Concert Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Concert Review - Essay Example Notably, the performers were a combination of instrumentalists and vocalists. Indeed, Mateusz Wolski played the Violin; Inon Barnatan played the Piano, and Julian Schwarz played the cello while Mid-Columbia Mastersingers provided the vocals under the leadership of Jeremy Briggs Roberts. The first to perform was Jeremy Briggs Roberts conducted the live performance while the Mid-Columbia Mastersingers provided the vocals. The performance of Piazzolla’s â€Å"Four Seasons of Buenos Aires† was fascinating and soul fulfilling courtesy of a calm tone, harmonious melody, and smooth texture presented by the vocalists. According to their general expressions, the band appeared prepared to entertain the audience. Although the melody of the set was highly syncopated, I managed to count the 12 bars. The sweet rhythm provided by Mateusz Wolski, the violinist, complemented the melody. The pianist harmonized the performance with a moderate tempo, cool tone, and harmonious melody that rhymed well with the cello played by Julian Schwarz. The performance marked the climax of the concert with high tones, sweet melodies, and precise rhymes. Notably, the live performance corresponds to the classical stylistic period learnt in class. The second performance on stage featured Mateusz Wolski the violinist. The following piece was included in the performance: â€Å"Maracanzo† and â€Å"Four Seasons of Buenos Aires.† Indeed, the combination of the vocalists and instrumentalists in the performance of â€Å"Maracanzo† and â€Å"Four Seasons of Buenos Aires† was so fascinating and entertaining. The form employed was AABB. Specifically, I enjoyed the part played by Mateusz Wolski the violinist since it was melodious, high-pitched, had a moderate tempo, and was so clear and coordinated. Moreover, as a football fan, I identified with the terrific performance of â€Å"Maracanzo† that created a stadium feeling. The performance depicted the memorable 1950

Implications of Naval Power in the American Civil War Essay

Implications of Naval Power in the American Civil War - Essay Example It was one of the most dramatically one sided battles in Naval history on that day in March, 1862 – when the CSS Virginia defeated two federal warships, the Congress and Cumberland. The battle yielded the destruction of both ships and the deaths of at least 240 of their crew, making headway towards breaking the Union blockade of the lower Chesapeake bay. This victory over the blockade would yield any number of consequences for the war, upon which the fortunes of the slaveholding Confederacy Would rise or fall. An evacuation took place on April 20, 1861 of the Naval yards at Gosport, Virginia. The Merrimac and the Pennsylvania launched a barrage against the port with heavy batteries in addition to Marines units. The United States Navy was attempting to abandon port, within hostile Virginia even as the Confederates attempted to obstruct the channel to blockade them. The Merrimac this time being a mere wooden hulled ship as navies have used since time immemorial. The Confederates succeeded in destroying or damaging the Pennsylvania, the Delaware, the Columbus, the Columbia, the Raritan, three sloops of war, while the steam frigate Merrimac was scuttled and burned. Yet almost immediately steps were taken to raise the Merrimac and convert it into an ironclad vessel as the Confederate secretary of the Navy recommended in a letter in which he described the creation of such a vessel as "a matter of the first necessity."2 The ship was raised, and what had once been her berth deck became a gun deck, with a wooden encasement of oak and pine 2 feet thick was built first. A 20 foot wide ruled was covered with iron gratings to create four hatch ways. This wooden encasement was used as the foundation for two sheathes of iron plating 2 inches thick each. The resulting ship floated very low in the water with the 800 tons of pig iron used in total to get the ship the weight needed to allow a vessel to rest at the desired depth. The metal behemoth lay mostl y under the water line and looked perhaps not unlike the roof of a house-boat. 10 guns, including four rifles as well as 6 inchers. The engines, being essentially the same design as the steam frigate have used prior tended to be dangerous and unreliable with the new configuration but initially performed quite well before several failures. 2 SCOPE OF THE WAR On 9 March, the situation was destined to become far more complicated, as the Confederate crew observed a vessel remarkably heavy, floating low within the waters. It had to be the USS Monitor, the North's answer to the challenge of an ironclad ship, soon to render every other Naval force on the planet obsolete. The first battle began with the objective of the defense of the grounded steam frigate the Minnesota, but the implications were far greater than the fate of a single steamship. It would spark a naval arms/armor race that would reach well into the 20th century. There were more Naval actions between the years of 1861 and 186 5 on the North American Continent than the rest of the world combined throughout the 19th century. Actions ranged from the Bering Sea to the Indian Ocean, including skirmishes in the English channel, and numerous actions up and down the American coastlines and rivers, 3 including a violent naval raid in Oklahoma, as will be described below. It was the definitive, technical innovations that might be labeled 'secret weapons' that spurred the armaments that would later define the first world war. Various other aquatic contrivances besides ironclad ships had their first expression during this conflict, including submarines and torpedoes. 4, 5 The monitor itself was the New York brainchild of Swedish engineer John Ericsson. The first of many in her ship class. However it should be noted that Congress ordered an investigation on the possibility of ironclad warships in July of 1861 when it became clear that a massive struggle had begun, not simply the 'peace in 60 days' naive optimism some officials had promulgated. It was believed in most circles of military intelligence that the

Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 41

Discussion - Assignment Example It is also worth mentioning that both the knife and electric water pump require to be operated manually and the operator has to do some ‘work’. Thus, in this case, the issue of laziness doesn’t arise at all. According to the BLS American Time Use Survey, A.C. Nielsen Co. conducted in the first quarter of 2012, the average American spends slightly over 5 hours a day watching television. While on the surface he figure looks staggering, it is important to note that the figure takes into account people beyond retirement age who while away entire days in care centres glued to the screen of television. The bulk of he productive population would typically watch television only when having dinner and during weekends. To them, this is more like a hobby than a lifestyle. As with regards to the use of technology and it making us more lazy,nothing can be farther from the truth. It is a matter of perception, which has evolved over time. Fifty years ago the word â€Å"hardworking† was directly proportional to the muscle one possessed and the amount of sweat shed and effort spent in the process. Today, one could achieve much more using by far less energy. A housewife could use tools like washing machine, dishwasher and vacuum cleaner and make her house sparkling clean within a short period of time. Without these, the same housewife would take a whole day performing the same tasks, and probably wouldn’t do it as well as he machines would. To sum it all up, I’d like to remind us that machines are tools meant to assist us in performing tasks and making our lives more comfortable. They are here not to replace us or do our jobs for us, but as tools at our disposal. Life would not be as comfortable or well-advanced were I not for machines. Let us embrace them and appreciate their usefulness in our daily

Gulf War Oil Spill of 1991 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gulf War Oil Spill of 1991 - Essay Example Whereas various economic costs are comparatively not that difficult to approximate, for instance the lost profits within the commercial fishing industry, however various costs like the lost aesthetic and ecological values are complex to quantify. The policies on oil spills decree that environmental renovation be carried out as reparation for the losses and damages. It is important to consider preliminary data in regard to the potential economic costs of the Gulf War oil spill, observing that the ecological destructions to wildlife and habitats are probably to be greater as compared to the market-based costs like the lost profits of both tourism and fishing. The Gulf War oil spill evokes the thought on economic valuation of risk. A careful though is given to the development o policies amidst oil spill risk and the relevance of standard risk analysis established as the right methodology for economic risk appraisal. This discussion has significant inferences for other disputes where disastrous risk is at issue, for instance nuclear power and global climate change. Economics postulates that the efficient prices for both goods and services ought to reflect all social benefits and costs but not merely the market interaction of demand and supply. Apparently the economic impact of the spill was a negative inclination due to the losses that were incurred in the process. Very many oil spills occur yearly within the marine surroundings. The degree of these spills is comparatively minor, not exceeding 100 gallons, and has insignificant damages to the economy. Larger oil spills such as the Gulf War oil spill of 1991, result in significant destruction to both the environment and economy. The Gulf War oil spill adversely impacted on aquatic plants and organisms, including fish (Saenger, 1994), thus significantly leading to a fall in fish supply and a corresponding decline in revenue. Further, polluted beaches were increasingly unattractive

History paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

History paper - Essay Example Children’s Rights narrates the story of the horrible neglect of children by responsible elders and the cruelty inflicted on them. It also tells us how the lawmakers finally realized the need to protect the children, both physically and mentally. Mary Ellen’s case in 1874 is taken in this book as a fine example of the extent to which child abuse can reach. Born to an immigrant woman, the baby Ellen’s fate was to grow under the carelessness of different mothers, finally ending up in the cruel hands of Frances Conolly. She could not know even the warmth of a kiss, or caress, her body carried the bruises of perpetual whipping, starved beyond imagination, and could not even see the sunlight. A social worker, Etta Angel Wheeler, who discovered the plight of Mary Ellen, failed to get help either from police or from any charitable institutions to rescue the child, as they wanted legal proof. â€Å"Though social workers often witnessed scenes of cruelty, poverty, and gri ef, Wheeler found Mary Ellen’s plight especially horrifying†, says the writer (Stevens). Finally it was the founder of American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Henry Berg, who came to her aid. The child was considered as a living animal, which was subjected to cruelty, and a case was registered with enough proof. Mary lived a decent life thereafter. Conolly was punished and the world opened its eyes to protect the children from abuses. Thus Children’s Rights reflects the utter ignorance of the society and the government on a very vital issue. The Needless War with Spain shows America’s greed for aggressive and expansionist policies. It is about America’s involvement in the domestic affairs of Cuba. McKinley was the President of America at that period. He was a very weak President. If he had possessed the sharp political will, the war with Spain could have been avoided. But,

Q Manual Essay Example for Free

Q Manual Essay After the lecture Tutorials and your learning Reading in your study 2. 8. 1 Reading to understand or comprehend 2. 8. 2 Reading for critical comment Checklist for studying faculty units and courses 13 14 14 15 16 16 Chapter 3 The research process: A basic guide 3. 1 The research process 3. 1. 1 Step 1: Understand the assignment topic/question(s) 3. 1. 2 Step 2: Decide what sort of information you need to complete the assignment 3. 1. 3 Step 3: Decide where to look for this information 3. 1. 4 Step 4: Develop and use a search strategy for database searching 3. 1. 5 Step 5: Evaluate the information found and revise the plan 3. 1. 6 Step 6: Presentation 3. 1. 7 Step 7: Final evaluation Using the Internet for research 3. 2. 1 Some further tips for productive Internet research 17 17 17 17 18 18 20 22 22 23 23 3. 2 Chapter 4 Academic writing skills 4. 1 4. 2 4. 3 4. 4 Characteristics of successful writing 4. 1. 1 Responding to the task Exam question, Accounting and Finance 4. 2. 1 Initial analysis, key terms and directions Structuring your writing clearly 4. 3. 1 Writing structure Forming and expressing your perspective on the task 4. 4. 1 â€Å"Crystallised response† 4. 4. 2 Plan the response Supporting your perspective 4. 5. 1 Paragraph structure 4. 5. 2 Use of references Presenting a consistent and logical response Expressing your ideas clearly 4. 7. 1 Formal academic language 4. 7. 2 Some other features of academic language Checklist for academic writing skills 25 25 25 27 27 27 28 29 29 30 31 31 32 33 33 34 34 36 4. 5 4. 6 4. 7 4. 8 Chapter 5 Writing essays 5. 1 5. 2 5. 3 5. 4 Analyse the task Synthesise your information Plan the essay Reference the sources of information 37 37 37 37 38 Chapter 6 Writing a literature review 6. 1 6. 2 6. 3 6. 4 The nature of a literature review Procedure for completing a literature review Writing the literature review Checklist for a literature review 39 39 40 40 41 Chapter 7 Report writing 7. 1 The process 7. 1. 1 Identify the purpose of the report 7. 1. 2 Identify the readers and their needs 7. 1. 3 Research the topic 7. 1. 4 Outline the report 7. 1. 5 Write the draft 7. 1. 6 Edit the draft 7. 1. 7 The finished product 7. 2 Report presentation and layout 7. 2. 1 Structure of a report 7. 3 Report writing checklist 42 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 46 Chapter 8 Case study method 8. 1 8. 2 Some general issues Problem solving case format. 49 49 49 Chapter 9 Academic integrity and honesty: avoiding plagiarism in written work 9. 1 9. 2 What is plagiarism? Monash University Statute 4. 1 and policy regarding plagiarism 9. 2. 1 What happens when plagiarism is suspected 9. 2. 2 Students’ responsibility Using references appropriately in your written work Use of references in writing 9. 4. 1 Unsuitable use of references Suitable integration of references 9. 5. 1 Techniques for using an author’s ideas 9. 5. 2 A summary 9. 5. 3 Paraphrasing, or writing in your own words Conclusion 51 51 52 53 53 54 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 9. 3 9. 4 9. 5 9. 6 Chapter 10 Referencing. 10. 1 10. 2 10. 3 10. 4 What is referencing? When should you reference? Why should you reference your work? Referencing using the APA style 10. 4. 1 Creating in-text citations 10. 4. 2 Creating a reference list Footnoting 10. 5. 1 In-text citations using footnotes 10. 5. 2 Creating the bibliography 58 58 58 59 59 59 62 69 70 74 10. 5 Chapter 11 Presentation skills 11. 1 11. 2 11. 3 What is a presentation? Planning and preparation 11. 2. 1 Analysing your audience Presentation design 11. 3. 1 Objective 11. 3. 2 Content 11. 3. 3 Structure Visual support 11. 4. 1 Handouts Delivery 11. 5. 1 Methods of delivery 11. 5. 2 Rehearsal Nerve control 11. 5. 3 11. 5. 4 Your voice 11. 5. 5 Non-verbal communication Group presentations 11. 6. 1 Team balance 11. 6. 2 Transitions 11. 6. 3 Support for the speaker 11. 6. 4 Your role as coach Evaluating the presentation Why do some presentations go wrong? 76 76 76 76 76 76 77 77 79 79 80 80 80 80 80 81 82 82 82 82 82 83 83 11. 4 11. 5 11. 6 11. 7 11. 8 Chapter 12 Exam strategies Preparing for exams 12. 1. 1 Establish the type of exam 12. 1. 2 Develop a broad understanding of the unit’s objectives 12. 1. 3 Develop summaries of topics 12. 1. 4 Review unit material and topics 12. 1. 5 Practise past exam questions 12. 1. 6 Multiple choice questions 12. 1. 7 Short answer and essay questions 12. 1. 8 Calculation questions 12. 2 Operating in the exam 12. 2. 1 Reading and noting time 12. 2. 2 Completing the exam Answering multiple choice questions 12. 2. 3 12. 2. 4 Completing written response questions 12. 3 Checklist for exams 12. 1 84 84 84 84 85 85 85 85 86 87 87 87 87 88 88 88 Q Manual Preface and Acknowledgements The purpose of the Q (for Quality) Manual is to provide new students with practical and easily accessible information regarding university-level study. As its name suggests, this publication is aimed at increasing your effectiveness as a student. For many of you who have not experienced university level study, the Q Manual will provide you with ideas, suggestions and guidelines to enable you to achieve academic success by producing quality work, and getting it submitted on time. We suggest you read the Q Manual thoroughly and refer to it often throughout your course of study. The Q Manual commences with an overview of the Faculty of Business and Economics, its goals, structure and expectations regarding student performance, as well as important policy information about student assessment. The next chapter provides useful advice in relation to approaches to study at the university level. Then follows the bulk of the Q Manual, which focuses on research skills, academic writing skills, and in particular, chapters devoted to commonly required academic assignments, such as essays, literature reviews, reports and case study method. The section relating to academic writing and assignment preparation is followed by chapters covering academic honesty and referencing techniques. The final sections of the Q Manual cover oral presentation skills and exam strategies. There are many people whose valuable contributions to this edition of the Q Manual must be acknowledged. They include (in no particular order): Andrew Dixon, Caulfield Campus Library David Horne, Caulfield Campus Library Owen Hughes, Faculty of Business and Economics Sally Joy, Faculty of Business and Economics Lynne Macdonald, Faculty of Business and Economics Michael Scorgie, Department of Accounting and Finance Claire Tanner, Faculty of Arts Our special thanks go to Lynne Macdonald and Claire Tanner for the many hours spent collating and editing the content and for coordinating production of the Q Manual. Without your efforts and patience, this edition could not have been published. Sincere thanks also go to my dear friend and colleague, Glenda Crosling, who has collaborated with me for many years on a number of significant educational projects for the faculty. A dedicated educator, Glenda works enthusiastically and tirelessly, keeping an open mind, and most importantly, always retaining her wonderful sense of humour! Glenda also thanks Nell for her collegiality, dedication, inspiration and hard work on this and other educational projects. Together, we have produced a publication that we hope will assist you in your studies. Finally, we wish you a stimulating, challenging and rewarding learning experience throughout your undergraduate and postgraduate studies with the Faculty of Business and Economics. Nell Kimberley Department of Management Faculty of Business and Economics January, 2008 Glenda Crosling Education Adviser Faculty of Business and Economics Chapter 1 Introduction 1. 1 Welcome Congratulations on your selection to study one of the courses offered by the Faculty of Business and Economics at Monash University. This manual is intended to provide you with information on how to produce quality work and achieve the best possible results in your examinations. The major goal of the university is to assist you to obtain an excellent education so that you may take your place in society as a well-qualified graduate. It is important to note that while the courses provide the teaching support and the necessary framework for your studies, success can be achieved only through your personal commitment and dedication to hard work throughout all the years of your course. The following information is aimed at familiarising you with the Monash University study environment and increasing your effectiveness as a Monash student, thereby enabling you to reach your potential. For those of you who are experiencing university level study for the first time, this manual will lay an important foundation and prepare you for a new world. 1. 2 Monash University Monash University was established in 1961 and named after General Sir John Monash (1865–1931). Sir John was a soldier, scholar and engineer, and the Commanding General of the Australian forces in France in World War 1. In addition, as the first Chairman of the State Electricity Commission, he took on the immense task of overseeing the development of the LaTrobe Valley’s brown coal resources. Sir John was a man of wide interests and vast intellectual range. He was this country’s first Doctor of Engineering and exemplifies the University’s motto – Ancora Imparo (I am still learning). The university now has a population of more than 50,000 students from over 100 countries, who speak 90 languages. There are eight Monash campuses and two centres, in Italy and London. The primary pursuits of teaching and research are carried out in the university’s ten faculties. The faculties, which each cover a specific body of knowledge, are: Art and Design; Arts; Business and Economics; Education; Engineering; Information Technology; Law; Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences; Pharmacy; and Science. 1. 3 1. 3. 1 Faculty of Business and Economics Goals The aim of the faculty is to use its scale, scope and unique internal diversity to become an international leader in the pursuit, dissemination and analysis of knowledge, particularly in the disciplines of accounting, banking, econometrics, economics, finance, management, marketing, and tourism. By the application of such knowledge, its staff and students will contribute to the economic, social and commercial development of Australia and other countries in an increasingly globalised environment. 1. 3. 2 Faculty structure The Faculty of Business and Economics is the largest faculty in the university, with more than 17,000 students enrolled over five Australian campuses at Berwick, Caulfield, Clayton, Gippsland and Peninsula, as well as in Malaysia and South Africa. In addition to a diverse range of undergraduate bachelors degrees, the faculty offers a comprehensive range of graduate courses including an executive certificate, graduate certificates and diplomas, masters degrees by coursework and research, the Master of Business Administration, the Doctor of Business Administration, the Master of Philosophy and the Doctor of Philosophy. Courses are delivered on campus, usually through lectures, tutorials and WebCT Vista, while offcampus students are catered for by distance education. 1 The Dean and the main faculty office are located on the Caulfield campus. In addition, there are faculty staff located at the other campuses. Go to http://www. buseco. monash. edu. au/student/contact/ for location and contact details. 1. 3. 3 Departments and centres The Business and Economics faculty is subdivided into organisations that are responsible for particular areas of knowledge. There are six departments and two research centres. The departments are: Accounting and Finance, Business Law and Taxation, Econometrics and Business Statistics, Economics, Management, and Marketing. The research centres are: Centre of Policy Studies, and Centre for Health Economics. They cover fields of study including accounting, banking, business law, business statistics, economics, econometrics, finance, international business, management, human resource management, marketing, taxation and tourism. Whatever your major or areas of study it is essential that you have an understanding of each of the disciplines and how they interact with each other in the overall operations of a business organisation. 1. 3. 4 Aims for learning at Monash University and in the Faculty of Business and Economics The university and the faculty recognise the needs of students for their lives following graduation. As a Monash graduate you will be operating in a globalised and rapidly-changing world, and the university and faculty aim to develop in students’ attributes beyond the ability to understand and operate competently with course and unit content. The aims are that students will develop in ways that will enable them to: †¢ Engage in an internationalised and increasingly globalised world; †¢ Engage in discovery, analysis, integration and application for problem solving and learning with knowledge; †¢ Communicate competently orally and in writing across cultures and settings, including their specific disciplines. As you undertake your studies, you will notice an emphasis on these attributes and you will be engaged in activities and tasks to help you develop them. In the following chapters of this guide, we explain the influences of these attributes on your approach to study. 1. 3. 5 Units Each department offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate units. In a three-year undergraduate degree, there are twenty-four units, with four units to be taken in each semester (parttime students would normally undertake two units each semester). The unit leader or coordinator is responsible for the administration of the particular unit. You can consult with your unit leader, and or coordinator in larger units you may also consult with the other lecturers and tutors. 1. 3. 6 Role of lecturers/tutors Lecturers and tutors have a key role as facilitators of your learning. They are able and most willing to help you with your studies and can be contacted using your student email account. Their email addresses are located in the unit outline. Alternatively, academic staff can be contacted during their consultation hours which are often posted on their door or outside the main administration office. 1. 3. 7 Role of on-line sources of information Monash has adopted a learning management system which provides you with access to on-line unit information. The web contains information that you need to know for the unit, both of an administrative nature as well as useful material for your studies. 2 1. 3. 8 Role of course directors/coordinators If you are encountering academic performance issues, course progression and similar problems you should initially discuss these with enrolment officers or course advisers. You may, occasionally, then be referred to course directors or course coordinators to help with these issues. Undergraduate students are referred to course directors or course coordinators by the faculty office and postgraduate students by departmental administration staff. If referred, course directors and coordinators are available during their consultation hours. 1. 3. 9 Additional important information The Undergraduate and Postgraduate Handbooks and the Student Resource Guide provide important information regarding various aspects of university life. The Student Resource Guide is distributed to all students at the time of initial enrolment and is available on-line at www. monash. edu. au/pubs. It contains details of the university’s code of practice for teaching and learning, as well as grievance and appeals procedures. Further copies can be obtained from Student Service Centres on all campuses. An excellent resource for students is also available on-line via the student link on the Business and Economics Faculty webpage at http://www. buseco. monash. edu. au/student/. The site contains links to important information regarding: courses and units, admissions and enrolments, schools and departments, exams and results, administration, study resources, calendars and timetables, IT and computing, support services, careers and employment, international students, and clubs and associations. 1. 4 Faculty expectations of student performance As students of the faculty, there are a number of units that you will study as part of your course. Although these units may have differing methods of assessment, the faculty has the following expectations of your behaviour and performance. 1. 4. 1. Attendance and participation at lectures and tutorials Lectures and tutorials are central to your performance in the university. Lectures provide the material you require in order to understand the overall nature and direction of the unit. Important concepts and analysis can be emphasised by the lecturer and put into context for the student. Tutorials are a vital part of your studies. They reinforce lecture material and provide you with an opportunity to discuss material presented in lectures, as well as to ask questions. Tutorials also provide you with the opportunity to develop your oral communication skills. The material presented is not designed to give you one view on a topic but to facilitate your understanding of the issue under discussion. Where there are alternative views on an issue, you should learn to articulate, critically approach and assess these differing positions. 1. 4. 2 Special consideration and extension of time for submission of an assessment task Students need to use a Special Consideration Application when applying for Special Consideration for overall assessment, end-of-semester examinations, or additional assessment for a unit (or units) studied during the current semester. Please refer to the following webpage for information on both faculty and university special consideration policy and procedures: http://www. buseco. monash. edu. au/secretariat/policies/spec-con. html Students who require more time to complete a piece of work should apply for an extension of time for submission of an assessment task. Reasons for special consideration include serious short term circumstances beyond the student’s control, such as illness, accident, personal trauma, family emergency or compassionate grounds. Applications should be discussed with the examiner/lecturer/tutor responsible for assessing the task. Please refer to the current student faculty webpage for forms and further information: http://www. buseco. monash. edu. au/student/exams/specconsemester. html 3 1. 4. 3 Workload You are expected to undertake private study in addition to attending lectures and tutorials. Preparation of work to be discussed in tutorials is essential. You will also be required to complete assignments and projects and submit them on the due dates. When taking into account the work carried out during mid-semester breaks and exam weeks, you would expect to study more than thirty hours each week. 1. 4. 4 Self-reliance Compared to your school experience, at the university you are expected to be more independent and self-reliant. In contrast to teachers at school, lecturers and tutors usually teach large numbers of students, sometimes as many as one thousand. They are happy to assist you, but you need to approach the staff member and be clear about what you wish to discuss. It is also your responsibility as a self-reliant student to attend lectures and tutorials, prepare your tutorial work and submit all written work on time. 1. 4. 5 Time management. The expectation at the university is that you learn to manage your own time. This applies to full-time students who have a great deal of time available outside of classes, as well as for part-time students who have to balance work and study. The following chapter on study techniques in this manual provides, among other things, some helpful hints on how to best manage your time and get the most out of your career as a student. 1. 5 Student assessment Assessment in a unit may be made up of several components: a formal examination, essays, tests, assignments, oral presentations and tutorial participation. Assessment details for each unit are provided in the unit guide that you will receive in the first week of each semester. The final mark that a student receives in a unit will be determined by the board of examiners on the recommendation of the chief examiner, taking into account all aspects of assessment. The rights of students to have assessed work re-marked are determined at the departmental level. A student can only be failed after the exam paper has been marked by two staff members. All results are reviewed by the unit leader. You can find further information relating to the university’s assessment in undergraduate units and the responsibilities of examiners using the main policy bank link at: http://www. buseco. monash. edu. au/secretariat /policies/ 1. 5. 1 Examinations For details of examination regulations, please refer to the Monash University Calendar: http://www. monash. edu. au/pubs/calendar/ 1. 5. 2 Use of English dictionaries and calculators As English is the language of instruction within Monash University, foreign language translation dictionaries are not permitted to be used by students sitting examinations. Calculators are permitted if specified on the examination paper, but some units may have a calculator restriction. Students are advised to familiarise themselves with any calculator restrictions applying in units they are studying. For permitted calculator(s) for examinations and units of study go to the faculty policy link at: http://www. buseco. monash. edu. au/secretariat/policies/calculator. html 4 1. 5. 3 Results At the end of each semester, following the completion of examinations, a board of examiners considers student performance as a whole before the results are published. All undergraduate and coursework graduate students who pass are graded into the categories of high distinction, distinction, credit and pass. Honours courses use a different grading system, classified into first class, second class division A, second class division B, third class and pass. 1. 5. 4 Marks and grades Following is a list of marks and grades used within the faculty: 0–49 40–49 45–49 50–59 60–69 70–79 80–100 N NS NP P C D HD NE WH Fail Fail, supplementary exam awarded by Board of Examiners only to graduate students and under special circumstances Near pass is only awarded to undergraduate students. It may be awarded for the last unit to complete a degree. Pass Credit Distinction High distinction Not examined. Used when a unit is taught over two semesters Withheld. Used, for example, when assessment is outstanding due to a special consideration application or incomplete assessment. DEF Deferred examination granted SFR Satisfied faculty requirements This grading system will be current until 2009. For amendments after this time go to: http://www. buseco. monash. edu. au/secretariat/policies/methods-assessment. html 1. 5. 5 Honours grading Honours units are graded as follows: Below 50 50–59 60–69 70–79 80–100 Fail HIII HIIB HIIA HI 5 1. 5. 6 Examples of grades and corresponding achievement levels HD High Distinction 80–100% D Distinction 70–79% A very high standard of work which demonstrates originality and insight C Credit 60–69% Demonstrates a high level of understanding and presentation and a degree of originality and insight Thorough understanding of core texts and materials P Pass 50–59% Satisfies the minimum requirements N Fail 0–49% Fails to satisfy the minimum requirements General description. Outstanding or exceptional work in terms of understanding, interpretation and presentation Strong evidence of independent reading beyond core texts and materials Demonstrates insight, awareness and understanding of deeper and more subtle aspects of the topic. Ability to consider topic in the broader context of the discipline Demonstrates imagination or flair. Demonstrates originality and independent thought Highly developed analytical and evaluative skills Ability to solve very challenging problems Reading Evidence of reading beyond core texts and materials Evidence of having read core texts and materials. Very little evidence of having read any of the core texts and materials Knowledge of topic Evidence of an awareness Sound knowledge of and understanding of principles and concepts deeper and more subtle aspects of the topic Knowledge of principles Scant knowledge of and concepts at least principles and concepts adequate to communicate intelligently in the topic and to serve as a basis for further study Articulation of argument Evidence of imagination or flair. Evidence of originality and independent thought Clear evidence of analytical and evaluative skills. Well-reasoned argument based on broad evidence Sound argument based on evidence Very little evidence of ability to construct coherent argument Analytical and evaluative skills Problem solving Evidence of analytical and evaluative skills Some evidence of analytical and evaluative skills Very little evidence of analytical and evaluative skills Ability to solve non-routine Ability to use and apply problems fundamental concepts and skills Well developed skills in expression and presentation Good skills in expression and presentation. Accurate and consistent acknowledgement of sources. Adequate problem-solving Very little evidence of skills problem-solving skills Expression and presentation appropriate to the discipline Highly developed skills in expression and presentation Adequate skills in expression and presentation Inadequate skills in expression and presentation. Inaccurate and inconsistent acknowledgement of sources Source: University of Adelaide 2005 6 Chapter 2 Approaching study in the Faculty of Business and Economics Introduction Study at university is like a full-time job that requires commitment, and cannot just be added on to a range of other interests. It differs in many ways from study in other educational settings. A major difference is the independence and self reliance expected of students in their study. This idea concerns: †¢ Managing your time, balancing your study with other commitments. †¢ Your approach to learning in your units. In this chapter, we discuss the implications of independence and self reliance for the way you approach your studies. Assistance with time management is also available from university learning and personal support services, go to http://www. monash.edu/pubs/handbooks/srg/srg-266. html for faculty and campus contacts. 2. 1 The study â€Å"mindset† The units that you study present information, concepts and theories. It is expected that you will understand these fully. In addition, you must think critically and analytically so that you can evaluate and apply the knowledge, concepts and theories to different situations. You also need to think about the information from international and global perspectives, and to communicate your thinking clearly and appropriately orally and in writing. This means that you must do more in your written work than merely describe the concepts and knowledge, which will not get you good marks. There are times when you do need to provide definitions and an overview of concepts and theories, but such information usually only functions as an introduction for your integration of ideas, critical analysis and application, in relation to the issue, topic and task. Integration of information and critical and analytical thinking are central to the idea of independence in study. It means that you take an objective approach to the knowledge, concepts and theories. Such an approach is necessary so that you can: †¢ Integrate sometimes contrasting ideas from a range of sources and develop your own perspective on an issue or topic in relation to these; †¢ ‘Pull apart’ the knowledge in your units and explain how the parts all work together (analysis); †¢ Evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, advantages and disadvantages of knowledge, concepts and theories for particular situations (critical approach). This emphasis may differ from how you approached your study in other educational settings. For instance, you may have expected there to be one right answer, or two sides to an issue or topic. In your university studies, you need to understand that there are multiple views surrounding a topic or issue. The suitability of the view that you develop, often by synthesising several views, depends on the perspective from which you look at the issue. Such a concept of the relativity of knowledge applies to all the business and economics disciplines. In accounting, for instance, particular accounting situations are interpreted in terms of the Standard Accounting Concepts, and in econometrics and business statistics, a set of data is interpreted in relation to a particular purpose, or the needs of a particular user. Your ability to operate in the way explained above is based on you understanding the nature of academic enquiry and discovery, as we explain in the next section. 7 2. 2 Academic enquiry, discovery and independence in study Academic enquiry and discovery are concerned with the development or advancement of knowledge in a field of study, which occurs through research and investigation. Students engage in academic enquiry and discovery, to some degree, when they integrate and apply knowledge, concepts and theories to different situations. Thus, in university study, there are: †¢ No absolutes †¢ Knowledge evolves as researchers challenge, confirm or modify earlier understandings. When investigating an issue for an assignment task that is based on evidence from the literature, you need to overview and integrate the range of views surrounding the issue or topic. When you have formed your response and structured your written work to express this, you must indicate to your reader how you have arrived at that view. That is, the ideas and views that you read in the literature function as the ‘building blocks’ of your response. In your writing, if you do not explain to your reader the evidence or the building blocks for your view, you are only expressing opinions. These are ideas unsubstantiated by evidence and are not valued in university study. Another perspective The manager has a range of roles that are significant in the operations of an organisation, and decision making is one of these (Mintzberg, 1979) One perspective Decision making is an important aspect but only part of the manager’s role (Lee, 2000). Decision making in the manager’s role. Further perspective Decision making is the foundation of a manager’s role (Brown, 2002) Figure 1: Multiple views of a topic or issue Figure 1 depicts the situation in relation to a topic in a unit that relies on views in the literature. Note how decision-making in the manager’s role is seen from different perspectives by different authors. In a unit such as econometrics and business statistics, you may be required to analyse a set of data from a perspective of, for instance, a marketing manager, or a city council. Thus, the information in the data that would be relevant for the former would be on aspects such as sales, while for the city council which is concerned with providing services, the emphasis would be on the city’s population and its needs. Thus, in units that rely on data such as econometrics and business statistics, you need to analyse the data, form a perspective on the issue from the data analysis, and then select from your data to support the viewpoint you have developed. In a unit such as economics, it means being able to distinguish between facts and value statements. 8 2. 3 Approaching study in the faculty disciplines As you continue with your faculty study, you will realise that the approaches to knowledge in the disciplines of the faculty differ in some ways. Understanding such variation will help you adjust your thinking and approach across your units of study. This is particularly applicable if you are a double degree student and studying across two faculties. For instance, when you are studying a first year law unit in your Business and Economics degree, you will be presented with problem question assignments. You approach and think about these, and structure information differently, than you would for essays in a unit such as management, or, for example, reports in a marketing unit. You are using different forms of data and evidence, and applying critical analysis in ways that are particular to the unit and its discipline. The approach that the disciplines take to knowledge is reflected in the way information is put together in the texts and in lectures. These exemplify the characteristics of the particular discipline. To develop some understanding, you should think about your units in terms of: †¢ The type of data and info.

Receivable Management Essay Example for Free

Receivable Management Essay The company will come to know about the existing flaws in the system. The recommendations would help the company to overcome the same. It will also help the company to know which portal is generating more revenue, which position and many other things which generate grab major part of the revenue. [pic] Management Of Accounts Receivable Management of receivables is a process under which decisions to maximize returns on the investment blocked in them are taken. Thus, the main objective of management receivable is to maximize the returns on investment in receivables to minimize risk of bad debts etc. Because investment in receivables affects liquidity and profitability, it is, therefore, significant to maintain proper level of receivables. Accounts receivable represent sales that have not yet been collected as cash. It explains that merchandise or services in exchange for a customers promise to pay at a certain time in the future. Accounts receivables of a firm are created on both the side of the productive system. On one side of this system, the firm may make advance payments to the suppliers of the raw material to ensure timely supply, when the supplier holds the monopolistic position. On the other side of the productive system, accounts receivable are created by a firm when it sells its output on credit. These are termed as sundry debtors. Sundry Debtors constitute nearly 60% of the Accounts Receivables. Four Aspects Of Management Of Sundry Debtors: 1. Credit Policy needs to be determined. This involves a trade off between the profit on additional sales that arise due to credit being extended on the one hand and the cost of carrying those debtors and the bad debts losses on the other hand.

Regulation of the Media in the UAE

Regulation of the Media in the UAE Introduction Anyone gaze for an overall depiction of freedom of appearance and the press since the Arab Awakening that started in 2011 may desire to interpret my topicalarticle published in Jadaliyya. The analysis scrutinize the moves taken in Arab countries since the disturbances around the region–particularly the permissible actions taken by governments. The consequence is rather disheartening, predominantly from the country’s that haven’t yet seen any political change. Most of these countries use the subsequent legal methods to threaten journalists and social media activists: unlawful defamation, â€Å"affront the ruler† charges, laws against â€Å"counterfeit communication,† restriction to protect public order, and the licensing of journalists. Years of government terrorization have created a â€Å"culture of repression.† Here is the section about this issue: Nevertheless, perchance the biggest restraint to Arab journalism (and, again, forgive me for speaking in generalities) is the consequence of years of oppression on the profession. Many journalists merely acknowledge that they cannot do their jobs appropriately and have acquiesced to the situation. Others, who have been eminent to positions of authority in Arab newsrooms, have become skillful at censoring the journalists under them. In innumerable discussions with journalists in the Arab world, I’ve heard that editors often do the jobs of government officials by ass assination the stories they sense may grounds trouble. Judiciary closes UAE newspaper: A United Nations human rights connoisseur said on Wednesday that the United Arab Emirates’ magistrates is under the true control of the nations managerial branch, adding that the administration should permit self-governing investigations into declare of distress in the event that it doesnt need its picture to endure. The preparatory discoveries by the UN Special Rapporteur on the sovereignty of judges and lawyers offer an exceptional appear into the Gulf Emirates legal framework. She said she found reasonable cases of prisoner who were detained incommunicado for months, exposed to tremendous temperatures, and now and then electrocuted. The UAE, home to contemporary skyscrapers and soaring international ambitions, prides itself on being a multi-ethnic core with cities like Dubai that draw professionals from around the world. However, several belongings discard luminosity on the strains in the Emirates between cosmopolitan advancement and the nations lawful framework. Numerous fascinate Westerners whose cases are often more exposed than the Emirates’ noteworthy population of South Asians running in construction. A US subject was held for nine months for his position in an online cartoon feature about youth society in Dubai. In an alternate case, a Norwegian woman who reported she had been assaulted was condemnation to 16 months in penitentiary for having sex outside matrimony. Her sentence was ultimately dropped, but the case piercing to wider concern of conventional views on sex and alcohol. Analytical analysis report on freedom of emirate press: Overseas journalists operational in the  United Arab Emirates  maintain that the authorities are roasting press freedom. A senior journalist who has been based in Dubai for the precedent eight years said: Its inferior than its ever been. Reporters at chief news agencies have been told to shun writing pessimistic stories about the UAEs financial system. Two days ago a journalist functioning for Bloombergwas apprehended on entrance a Dubai  airport and, after a two-hour questioning about his work, was warned to be careful. These incidents approaches as the UAE situated on the edge of adopting a new-fangled media law that, according to the New York-based  Human Rights Watch, will dent free appearance. It specifically forbids the magazine of stories that are believed damaging to the nationwide financial system. A British journalist functioning in Dubai who asked me to preserve his anonymity said that the UAE is withdrawing from the preceding and hesitant compress freedom advances of the past.Everything was very well when the cutback was thriving because the stories about Dubai and Abu Dhabi were all positive, he said. Now the depression is revealing stories of commercial dishonesty that engage Emirati officials, and the authorities gaze at that as unacceptable. The senior journalist, an American who also spine on the sympathetic that I would not disclose his uniqueness, agreed. He said There is a separate between a policy aimed at encouraging a free press and the authenticity on the ground.It is consideration that 1,000 foreign journalists are positioned in the UAE. Many of them in employment for the most important agencies, such asReuters, APandAFP.Dow Jonesalone has a staff of 16. Worldwide TV channels, such asCNBC, are also surrounded by the media companies that have congregates to Dubais media city, a business commons set up in 2000, as the sheikdom seemed ready to cuddle western-style freedoms. Journalists now suppose that the proposed law, which is pending presidential endorsement, is an endeavor to row back from previous reforms. It is contemplation to be the consequence of concerns by officials who scuttle the compress narrow body, the national media council (NMC). In a statement posted on the official Emirates, the NMC maintains, the new-fangled draft law symbolize a momentous step forward in terms of compress freedom in the UAE. It bases its disagreement on the information that the law removes all orientation to jail sentences and also lessens the number of offences under the law that can draw financial penalties. However, this cuts modest ice with journalists. It does not eliminate all penalties, said the British journalist. We can motionless be fined for what we inscribe. He clarified that sort out by the NMC is practiced through sacred enlistment and authorizing commitments. On the off chance that we sign up to this law we will be required not to compose anything negative to the national investment. In any case, what are criteria? It would put us in an incomprehensible position. Under the proposed law, fines up to about  £100,000 can be forced for convey misdirecting news that damages the national economy. It additionally incorporates fines of up to  £1m for offending parts of the legislature and the decision gang. Both writers additionally discussed the probability of expanded control toward oneself, asserting that nearby media outlets have constantly abstained from distributed stories that could outrage administering authorities. Presently the powers are going for coaxing universal media into receiving a comparable practice. They likewise indicate the knowledge of The National, the state-claimed broadsheet paper distributed in Dubais neighboring sheikdom, Abu Dhabi that is altered by previous Daily Telegraph supervisor, Martin Newland. Then again, the pair has altogether different notions about the way the paper works. The British columnist accepts that Newland plays a wary diversion with authorities by seeming to maintain limitations however sneaking in material that would be viewed as incendiary. Notwithstanding, the American columnist is far harsher in his judgment. It toes the line, he said. It looks dazzling, giving the presence of being a genuine, upright paper. Then again, would it say it is incredulous of Abu Dhabis imperial crew? Never does it scrutinize the political framework? No. Has it served to make a free media environment? No. â€Å"both columnists likewise accept the UAEs rulers are intensely delicate to feedback in western media. Sanction imposes on newspaper unfair or arbitrary: The daily paper in a report, said the choice is in dissent against the late subjective assents forced on it and its supervisor by the press administrative body, the Conseil National de la Press (CNP). The daily paper additionally blamed the CNP for not releasing its order altogether. The Management of Lintelligent dabidjan wishes to prompt its peruses and accomplices, experts of the division and additionally the overall population, both neighborhood and global, that the daily paper wont show up until further perceive in dissent against the authorizations forced on it by the administrative body which are altogether negligence of the predominating laws, said the report issued and marked by Alafà © Wakili, director and legitimate illustrative of Socef-Ntic, distributers of the daily paper. The CNP on July 25 suspended Lintelligent dabidjan for 12 distributions due to the refusal of Wakili, to conform to the summons of the Council regarding examinations concerning a case including him a nd the previous overseeing editorial manager of the daily paper, Youssouf Tour. As indicated by the administration of the daily paper, the choice to suspend productions is the start of an arrangement of activities and activities went for looking for change for the numerous out of line suspensions. Around twelve media associations and writers have been fined different wholes of cash or suspended in the not so distant future alone. On February, the CNP again suspended the Le Monde d Abidjan daily paper for three months. On the other hand, even before a portion of the daily papers and writers could serve their suspensions or scarcely in the wake of serving it, the CNP on April 14, issued an proclamation suspending Aujourdhui, Soir Info, Le Quotidien dabidjan, (which was banned in January 20, for two months), Le Temps daily papers and the week after week Bà ´lkotch. The MFWA notes with concern the steady fines forced on media associations and columnists in the nation. In as much as the association admires the work of the CNP in bringing proficient norms up in the media, the fines have a capability of cowing the media as it is apparent by the choice of the Lintelligent dabidjan. We consequently speak to the Press Council to reevaluate its approach in managing the unprofessionalism of the media and writers in the nation. We likewise urge writers and media associations to be proficient Positive and negative impact on imposes of criminal penalties on newspaper: Since the mid-1980s, the United States has sought after forceful law authorization systems to diminish the utilization and circulation of illicit medications. The expenses and profits of this national war on medications remain savagely talked about. What is not begging to be proven wrong, notwithstanding, is that this apparently race-nonpartisan exertion has been pursued principally against dark Americans. With respect to their numbers in the overall public and among medication wrongdoers, dark Americans are lopsidedly captured, indicted, and imprisoned on medication charges. Open authorities have been generally untroubled by the lopsided capture and imprisonment of blacks for medication offenses. Their relative impassion and that of the general population everywhere undoubtedly reflects, to shifting degrees, factional governmental issues, extreme on wrongdoing corrective theories, falsehood about medications, an uncritical grasp of medication war rationale, and misinformed ideas about the needs of poor urban groups. Anyhow to some degree it additionally reflects cognizant and oblivious perspectives about race. Undoubtedly, those perspectives have been woven into the exceptionally fabric of American hostile to medication endeavors, affecting the meaning of the medication issue and the way of the reaction to it. Despite the fact that whites are generally untosuguched by against medication endeavors contrasted with blacks, supporters of the medication war may not see an issue of race segregation on the grounds that they dont accept the reason for medication law requirement is to damage blacks-if anything, medication law implementation is seen as ensuring minority groups from compulsion, provocation, and viciousness. Maybe without acknowledging it, they have acknowledged the same meaning of segregation that the courts use in sacred equivalent security cases-truant sick goal, there is no separation. Suggestions for media freedom in UAE: Duffy has worked in organization with the Doha Center for Media Freedom, and the focal point has communicated concerns at his sudden expulsion from his position in the UAE. Executive of DCMF, Jan Keulen said: The UAE security powers have not given any purpose behind the constrained flight of Dr. Duffy. However it appears a chilly wind is blowing in the UAE with the confinement of late of in excess of 50 political activists, the conclusion recently of the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and other universal NGOs and now the end of Matt Duffy. Its awful news for scholastic flexibility and press opportunity in the UAE, he included. Duffys release and the inquiries it raises have prompted a warmed levelheaded discussion on social networking sites about media flexibility in the district and the estimation of instructive activities, for example, those which the teacher had presented at Zayed college. While numerous have communicated trouble at Duffys takeoff from the UAE, others have talked about the requirement for a slower and more continuous methodology to creating media in the nation and the Gulf area, recommending that the educator may have been pushing excessively hard, excessively soon. Media guard dogs have communicated worries about the legislatures control over the media in the UAE, and a month ago highlighted various instances of writers, bloggers and activists being persecuted in the nation. Conclusion: Duffys discharge and the request it raises have incited a warmed practical talk on interpersonal interaction locales about media adaptability in the area and the estimation of educational exercises, for instance, those which the educator had displayed at Zayed school. While various have conveyed inconvenience at Duffys takeoff from the UAE, others have discussed the prerequisite for a slower and more persistent procedure to making media in the country and the Gulf territory, proposing that the instructor may have been pushing unreasonably hard, too much soon. Media gatekeeper canines have conveyed stresses over the lawmaking bodys control over the media in the UAE, and a month back highlighted different occasions of scholars, bloggers and activists being abused in the country. Bibliography Al-Jenaibi, B. (2011). The Use of Social Media in the United Arab Emirates: An Initial Study. . European Journal of Social Sciences , 23(1), 87-100. http://www.webmail.gmj-me.com/gmj_custom_files/volume1_issue2/articles_in_english/volume1-issue2-article-3-27.pdf Cave, B. (2004). Legal Issues Related to Doing Business in the United Arab Emirates. http://www.bryancave.com/files/Publication/21ff51bc-b3ac-4b09-91aa-c6caabf8a72b/Presentation/PublicationAttachment/7c560e5a-5489-47b2-ba09-c8e352b14c1b/MiddleEastArticle2-04.pdf Dahl, F. (2010). New Sanctions seen hurting Iran businesses in Dubai. http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/07/06/uk-iran-emirates-sanctions-idUKTRE66514Y20100706 Ho, H. W.-H. (2013). WHEN TO MAKE INNOVATION TRADITION? USING SUPPORT MEDIA: A CASE STUDY FROM THE UAE. . Asia Pacific Journal of Business and Management , 4(1), 27-38. http://www.uunz.ac.nz/pdf/journal/20133.pdf Kirat, M. (2007). Promoting online media relations: Public relations departments’ use of Internet in the UAE. . Public Relations Review , 33(2), 166-174. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811107000203 Shedid, S. A. (2002, January). Formation damage due to sulfur deposition in porous media. In International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-73721-MS Tamim, R. (2013). Enhancing Education in the UAE through Blended Learning. Information Systems Applications in the Arab Education Sector , 194. http://www.igi-global.com/chapter/content/68679

William Faulkner: Translating His Life into His Works Essay -- Literar

Humankind through years of evolution has become a glorious race with an inexhaustible capacity to think. Each mind is filled with a profusion of ideas and other abstractions, which are sought to be expressed. Often, people find their medium of expression through art. Jean de La Fontaine, a renowned French fabulist begins his poem, The Hornets and the Bees with the line: â€Å"by the work one knows the workman† (The Hornets). If art is a method of self-expression, the creator, is thus, significant. In essence, art as the reflection of a being is inseparable from the being. To examine a masterpiece, the creator must be investigated, too. In 1917, the United States aided the Triple Entente during the First World War. Faulkner enlisted for the Armed Signal Corps from which he was rejected for his height and frailty (Leary +). Despite his rejection, Faulkner was undeterred. With a British accent, a borrowed England address, and an added â€Å"u† to his name, he went to a recruiting office in New York, and enlisted for the Royal Air Force in Canada. Faulkner was accepted, and was ordered to report for Toronto immediately. Although, his efforts were successful, he set himself up for disappointment, for the war ended in 1918 without him having set foot in any battle. When he returned to Oxford a month later, however, he was outfitted in a British uniform paired with a swagger stick to support his injured legs. Early on, he said his injury was a result from a crash during training. Later, the injury would be of several various other causes (Parini 39-47). Although his lies mortified him for the rest of his life, Fau lkner illustrated how he was inherently a storyteller, and his tales were his masterpieces. Through that incident he showed how concoc... ...y Criticism. Vol. 1. New York: Helvetica Press, 1988. 145. Print. Leary, Lewis. "The County and the Man." William Faulkner of Yoknapatawpha County. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1973. 1-37. Print. Minter, David. William Faulkner: His Life and Work. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1980. 1-90. Print. Parini, Jay. One Matchless Time: A Life of William Faulkner. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2004. 39-47. Print. Shute, Sarah. "Absalom, Absalom!." Literature Online. Cambridge: Proquest Information and Learning Co, 2002. Literature Online. Web. 8 May 2012. . "The Hornets and Bees, The Oak and Reed." Jean de La Fontaine. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 May 2012. .

Inetgrity:The Control of a Dream :: Economics Businesses Papers

Integrity:The Control of a Dream Last year I spoke to you on Patriotism, the Belief in a Dream. I tried to relate this subject to the commitment one feels to employees, suppliers, and customers from the day they first start their business until it is molded into success, and beyond. I termed Patriotism as a love for and devotion to the success of the business. During the journey of building and running a business there are numerous challenges that test the meddle of the many individuals involved. The foundation of this business must be built on a bedrock of integrity or these challenges will destroy it overnight. But what is integrity and how can you get it ? Webster’s dictionary defines the word as soundness of and adherence to moral principal and character going further to say that it is a state of being whole, entire, or undiminished, in perfect condition. It is not hereditary. It is more about breeding than birth. It is a â€Å"second nature† developed through education, experience, and choice. One needs to pay more attention to virtues like honesty, integrity, responsibility, respectfulness, and fairness to build the character that can help you navigate the ever changing world of business. Teddy Roosevelt reportedly said, â€Å"To educate a person in the mind but not morals is to educate a menace to society†. Rarely has this been more evident than in the past few years where we have seen the highly educated managers of once respected corporations such as Enron, Arthur Anderson, WorldCom and others wreck havoc on our economy. In the last decade we have shown great concern about the low moral code being proliferated by the media, the entertainment industry, fast rising businesses, and even our top elected officials. I do not see where much has been done to correct a glaring issue that tears at the very heart of American society. Building Character isn’t easy. It starts with attentiveness but it’s not just a matter of hanging posters or listing virtues. It requires serious and sustained effort to enhance the ethical consciousness, commitment, and competence of our workers and our families. Our domestic school system is thought to be taking the issue more seriously, but most are only giving it lip service. Cheating and disrespect flourish in classrooms and on sports fields; and young people are unintentionally nudged toward moral agnosticism, or a belief that there really is no right or wrong.

Essay --

Markus Zusak Markus Zusak was born on June 23rd, 1975 in Sydney, Australia. His mother is German, and his father is Austrian. When he was just a boy, his parents told him stories about what happened during world war two, and these stories would eventually inspire him to write The Book Thief. He even included specific events that he learned about from his mother, such as the parade of Jews, and when Munich was bombed. He began writing when he was but a teenager, and stated that his inspiration came from The Old Man and the Sea, and What’s Eating Gilbert Grape. Importance of Setting The Book Thief is set in a small fictional German town called Mulching, which is said to be right outside of Munich. The story begins in the midst of the troubles of world war two, when Hitler has been in power for a decent amount of time. Zusak wanted to portray the story of the German side of things, showing how information about what Hitler was doing was not commonly known. He wanted to show the struggles that can happen in even the smallest towns, emphasizing Nazi influence throughout the book. Some Germans full of pride, others with regret, even more with fear. This is just a small town, but even what they do has consequences, and this shows how much of an actor you had to be to stay alive if you disagreed with the Gestapo. List of Characters Death The introduction of death is an oddity that should be expected, as a spiritual superstition given form should always have some sort of mystery about them. Death is the narrator of The book Thief, telling the readers the tales that he finds interesting while supplanting seemingly meaningless interjections of facts and other such trivial things. In the beginning of the book, he tells us o... ...t. She makes money by doing the laundry of the rich people in Mulching, but secretly hates it and them. Her love for her husband Hans is great, and enjoys Liesel’s company just as much, even if she doesn’t show it. Max Vandenburg A Jew who has been living in secret with the Hubermanns in their basement. He befriends Liesel and has been steadily learning how to read with her help. With Liesel’s inspiration, he starts to draw and write his own books, basing them off his life and his visions. He titles the two books â€Å"The Standover Man† and â€Å"The Word Shaker†. Hitler is a recurring thought for him, as he imagines himself fighting him in a fist fight, which makes sense considering that Max was always ready and willing for fighting other people when he was younger. Max is forced to leave after Hans makes a mistake and shows his compassion for people. Rudy Steiner

Family Business Essay

Family business are businesses that are created from their founding fathers of that era, if may evolve from small businesses into big enterprises. Family business is playing a very important part in the economy of Malaysia; the reason is that more than half of the Gross Domestic Product of Malaysia is from the family businesses that are conducted in Malaysia. For example The Genting group and The Berjaya group are two of the most famous family businesses that are conducted in Malaysia. The following are the issues and challenges that are faced by family businesses in Malaysia. The first challenge and issue that affects family businesses in Malaysia is succession planning which is choosing the next successor for the business after the current successor retires or passed away. Choosing a successor is one of the biggest challenges and is often faced by family businesses in Malaysia. Choosing a successor is hard because there are many factors that need to be considered before delegating him or her to be the successor of the family business. The first factor is of course the capability of the potential successor, to see whether he or she is up to standard andable to handle the responsibility that is about to be passed onto to see whether they qualify for the position. The second factor is that the potential successor must have certain amount of knowledge about the business and must know every part of operation of the business in details. The potential successor must also have very good management skills and have a good relationship with everyone involved in the business in order to have smoother process when sharing business ideas. The second challenge and issue that affects the family businesses in Malaysia is family disputes which is the harmony between family members and also within the business. The reason why it is one of the challenges and issues is because some of the family members or people involved in the business are always jealous of each other, or they are angry because of the decisions made which they are unfair, which will then results in political issues happening in the business which can greatly affect the outcome of the business, and sometimes it may be serious until it can tear down the whole business. So that is why it is very hard to keep the family and business at harmony all the time. However, if they are able to do so, it will help improve the communications between family members and also people involved in the business so that they can share out their feelings and the conflicts more openly so that the conflict can be solved in a way that will benefit the family and the business. The third challenge and issue that affects the family businesses in Malaysia is professionalism which is capability of keeping the family business up and running for a long term. This is a very hard challenge for all the family businesses out there in Malaysia because it has many factors to look at in order to keep the family business in one piece, because family businesses often faced with conflicts between one another sometimes because of the informal business structure, like there are no roles given formally which then allows everyone can step into each other territory in the business structure which is also known as invading other’s personal workspace. The other reason is because of the non-systematic work which is caused by bad operation control which can greatly impact the operation of the family business. However, if management is in good control and the organizational structure is complete and the objective and goals is the same and shared by everyone, the efficiency of the family business will sure improve a lot. Staff training can also improve the professionalism of the family business. The fourth challenge and issue that affects the family businesses in Malaysia is leadership which is basically the compass for the direction of the family business. It is very hard for family business to have good leadership because it involves leading, involving, and also motivating the people in the family business so that they share the same goal. So, if the leader of the family business is strong, then the chance of the business to succeed will surely be very high. The first thing is that the good leader must have the stamina and the passion to lead. Besides that, the leader must have a wide knowledge of the economy and also the industry itself so that he or she can direct a most beneficial way for the family business to approach and also giving a sense of common purpose. Lastly, the leader must have power to control the people in the family business and tell them what is the plan and what they need to do. The last challenge and issue that affects the family businesses in Malaysi a is fair compensation which also includes fair treatment to the people involved in the family business. The reason why this is a common issue in family business is because that the family members always tend to treat their own family member better and they also make bias decision most of the time. The most common problem is the payment and the salary of the people in family business. People who are the family member often get better pay which then the other people will feel cheated and mistreated at the same time. Then they will feel alienated by the family members of the family business, which will then greatly affect the earning capability of the business. Although there are quite some challenges and issues faced by family business in Malaysia, but if those family businesses can overcome the challenges and issues that are stated above, then their family business will surely be stable and run for a long time. Reference List: 1. http://www.ukm.my/ajag/vol2ch2.pdf 2. http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/862-family-business-challenges.html 3. http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/2012/02/02/asias-family-businesses-face-new-challenges/ 4. http://familybusiness.about.com/od/managementandoperations/a/commonthreats.htm 5. http://www.isb.edu/FamilyBusiness/File/challengesfacedbyindian.pdf

Baseline Magazine Website Review

baseline (www. baseline. mag) is an online resource and special busy online magazine for people who ar working(a) in IT departments of companies, IT companies, and tied(p) mere enthusiasts in the field. As the put describes itself, baseline is a resource position for development technology, planning, implementation and IT solutions for business.The home rogue utilizes a three-column, modify layout with a cool-to-the-eyes orange and maroon composition against a white background. Article titles and links, meanwhile, be encoded in blue.The same color organization is used in all subdirectories although the last menti peerlessd pages are less eye-catching than the chief(prenominal) page, usually a simple one-column demonstration of text and art. The whole home page looks same(p) the usual e-zine that because baseline is an training-driven site, it does not characteristic photos and animated graphics to capture the readers attention. It focuses on content so that it relies on foxy text presentation in various font sizes to show the readers the level of relevance of a featured article as determined by its editors. I browsed close to the site to sample their articles.I read its principal(prenominal) headline, USEC puts energy into virtualization, a story approximately the move of uranium supplier USEC towards server virtualization to optimize its service and offer cut cost. Like most online magazines, Baselines articles feature options for the reader to rate, share and transfer a prin anovulatory drugle or PDF magnetic declination of the article. Meanwhile, a Related Content stripe to the right encouraged me to click on and read to a greater extent articles. A feature worth mentioning are the 8 base tabs located just below the site banner. Baseline divides the contents of its site into eight categories (Compliance, Intelligence, IT Management, etc.) and I think this is helpful to anyone who would like to read articles on specific cate gories only. A click on the desired tab generates a list of articles on the category, two new and archived. Another aspect I found interesting was a streaming line of text on snuff it of the page announcing digital events. Furthermore, just when I am ready to conclude that Baseline online magazine is pure boring text, I happen upon news presented in movie (a news item about the take for smooth upgrade to Windows Vista, among others) and another one in slideshow format (an article enumerating the 8 ways by which technology has changed sports).Baseline has a printed version. A portion of the homepage shows a redress of its latest issue and the articles inside, which could also be read online. However, even if access to the site is free to readers, the online version obviously earns more for the company judging by the big(a) advertisements of well-known IT companies. Some articles are even sponsored or have been produced by an advertizer and not Baseline itself.There are ad box es, links, texts, and graphics enticing the reader to blockage out IT-related products or services. There are even Google ad boxes. The sites major sponsor, IBM, is prominently displayed in an ad box on the home page. Overall, Baseline is a veritable resource for the IT specialist or enthusiast who would like to be updated on the latest on information technology although the site owners specifically inclination to reach IT businesses and IT department employees as its articles ever so tend to relate both IT and business.IT businesses and departments of companies would earn from reading the articles, keep them updated with the latest trends on the market, and even help them look for their ironware and software system needs for their several(prenominal) business through the sites well-known advertisers. The site contains specialized information and has a limited target consultation, but Baseline is a complete and in truth good site for this particular audience group. Reference Baseline. Electronic magazine. Accessed on may 6, 2009. www. baselinemag. com.